File-cutting machine.



No. '731'.700. i PATENTBD JUNE23, 1903.

` M. MERK.

PILE GUTTING MACHINE.

. ErPLtoATIoN EILED SEPT. 12, 1902.

No MODEL.

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` No. 731,700. y M.. MERK.

PILE CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. l2, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 42.

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No. 731,700. PATBNTED JUNE 23, 1903. M. MERK.

\ FILE CUTTING MACHINE.

` APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1902.

No MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET s.

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` PATBNTED JUNNl 23, 1900.

M. MERK. PILE CUTTING MACHINE.

A PPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1902.

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UNITED [STATES Patented June 23, 1903.

- PATENT Fries.

FILE-CUTTING V-lviAol-HN E.

f .SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 731,700, dated June 23, 1903.

Application filed Septembe1g12,l1902. Serial No. 123,146. (No model.)

To all whom, t may con/007%; i

Be it known that 1, MARTIN MERK, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Im proveniente in File-Cutting Maf chines, of which the following is a specifica!V i This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in machines for cutting files, in which a tool preferably formed with `diagonal cutting edges has relative move` ment with respect to ablank, sothat as the Fig. 1. Fig. e is a detail whiehwin be here..l

inafter more fnllydescribed. Fig. 7isaside elevation of the tool-holder detached with tool, for example, is `drawn' over said blank its diagonal cutting edges cut the teeth into the blank merely by being drawn over the blank under pressure. Examples of this tool and one way of using the same are shown in United States Patents Nos. 265,975 and 2O In its preferredform myinvention utilizes a tool-holder which permits the tool to slide therein during the process of cutting. Vith this `brief statement` my invention may be said to consist in the improvement in nie-cutting machines, as shown Yin its preferable embodiment in the accompanying d rawparts brokenaway. Fig. Slis a bottom plan of the tool. Fig. 9 is a detail sectional viewl ofa portion of the vise with theblank-holder held therein and with a blank shown seated in the blank-holder. l

Referring now to the details of the drawings bynumerals, 1 indicates the main frame, provided, of. course, with any style of supports .or legs, and on the upper part of this frame is supported `the bed or table 2, which may be secured in any desirable manner. Projecting upward from the aforesaid bed or table 2 are standards or uprights 3 3, which are firmly secured to the bed or table by means of the nuts 4 4. These standards or uprightsV form the support for the tool-holder to be described. Slidingl'ysupported on said standards is a frame- 5, having extensions 6 6 `atits ends on which are formed bosses 7 7,

which tit over the standards and permit the frame to readily move up and down. derneath the bosses I place collars 8 8 on the standards, which are capable of being adjusted by -the set-screws 9@ These collars are for the purpose of preventing the frame from being lowered too far under excessive pressure.

The frame 5 is provided with a recess 10, and on the under side of the frame is secured a removable plate or bar 1l, which leaves a slot 12 between it and the bar 5 for the reception of a roller 13, which is held between the bifurcated ends of a hanger `14T, towhich `is swiveled the tool-holder 16, the aforesaid roller 13 and the slot12 permittiug'the toolholder `to be reciprocated back and forth within the limits of the said slot.

The tool-holder 16,` which is shown best in Fig. 4,'is of novel construction and com prises two downwardly-projecting frames 17 and 18, each of which is slotted or bifurcated, as shownat 19, and these slots are in alinement, as clearly shown. Above and below each of these slots are two antifriction-rollers 2020, thejournals of which are clearly seen in Fig. et and are numbered 21 21. These rollers are spaced just far enough apart in a vertical direction to permit the tool 22 to be passed between them, and the rollers permit said tool to slide with as little friction as possible.

Each of the frames 17 and 18 is also profvided with a slot 23 on each side thereof, and

in each of these slots is iitted an antifrictionroller 24, the pivots of which are vertical.

.T hese rollers, therefore, form 'a bearing for the vertical edge of the tool. It will thus be seen that the tool 22 is permittedfreedom of longitudinal movement, and; `in .its use, as hereinafter described, -it may easily slide between .its rollers. It will be evident that the bottom rollers are not absolutely necessary, as the weight of the parts, especially when in use, comes entirely on the upper side of the tool 22.

Underneath the tool-holder 16 is the blankholder 25 and its vise, which latter consists of a bed-plate 26, secured to the bed or table 2, and two gripping-jaws 27 and 28, which have two sliding tongues 29, fitting grooves 30 in the bed-plate 26. A right and left hand threaded screw 32 passes through both of the gripping-jaws 27 and 28, by means of which the jaws may be moved toward or away from each other in order to secure or release the blank-holder. The outer ends of the screw 32 pass through supports 33, secured to the bed-plate 26, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. It follows from the construction just described that when the screw is turned in one direction the jaws may be moved toward eachl other and clamp the blank-holder in position, and when moved in the opposite direction the jaws are moved apart or separated, and the blank-holder may be thus released.

Before describing the mechanism for moving the tool-holder it might be well to first state that after the blank-holder has been clamped in the vise, as described, the ltoolholder 16 is moved to the extreme end of its slot 12, with the tool projecting almost entirely out of one side of the tool-holder. IE now the tool-holder is moved from one end of the slot t'o the other and at. the same time sufficient weight is applied to said holder to keep the tool bearing very heavily on the blank, the tool will be caused to move through its rollers as it slides over the blank. This is caused by the fact that the tool is drawn over the blank at an angle thereto and beF cause such tools are provided with their cutting edges atan angle to their length, as shown in Fig. 8. This form of tool, however, is common in the art, and my invention does not reside therein, but merely in the tool-holder and machine for using it. Instead of permitting the tool to slide through the toolholder the tool may be clamped in position by set-screws 35, so that it is rigid therewith; but when the tool-holder is used in this manner the tool has to be held in the proper p0- sition to cut the blank Without sliding. This is accomplished by arranging the tool-holder at such an angle that the tool moves bodily in direct line with its cutting edges.

It is obvious that the tool-holder and its tool'may be drawn over the blank in any desired manner. It might even be drawn by hand or by a hand-lever; but I prefer that form of mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings, which I will now proceed to describe.

Each end of the tool-holder 16 is provided with a slot 36, in which is tted and pivotally secured a connecting-rod 37, and these rods'are passed between two of the standards 3 3 and are secured to jaws 38, projecting from each side of a head 39, and the latteris secured by a set-screw 40 to a reciprocating the position of this head 39 controls the angle at which the tool and tool-holder are disposed relatively to the blank which is being cut. This rod 4l extends vertically, but its lower end 42 is bent and extends horizontally under the bed or table 2 through bearings 43 and 44, cast onto the main frame 1, as clearly shown in Fig. l. Connected to the horizontal member 42 of the reciprocating rod 4l is a downwardly-projecting arln 46, (se-e Fig. 6,) which is connected with the gearing for imparting motion to the moving parts. This gearing comprises a main shaft 50, to which motion is given by a pulley or belt-wheel 5l, and on said shaft is a gear 52, meshing with a larger gear 53, (see Fig. 2,) secured to the side of a crank-wheel 54, both of which latter are journaled on the shaft 55, suitably supported in bearings projecting from the main frame 1. The crank-wheel 54 is provided with a wedge-shaped or dovetailed slot 56, in which is connected an adjustable slide 57, which carries a crank or wrist-pin 58. A connecting-rod 60 connects this crank or wrist-pin 58 with the arm 46,hereinbefore described, so that when power is applied to the belt-wheel 51'it is transmitted through the two gears 52 and 53, the crank-wheel 54, its wrist-pin 58, and connecting-rod 60 to the arm 46, and the latter, with its connected parts, including-the tool-holder and tool, is thus reciprocated back and forth.

In order to insure the proper amount of pressure being exerted by the tool upon the blank, I connect four rods 62 with theframe 5, and these rods extend downward beneath the bed or table 2 and are connected with a frame comprising a cross-bar 63 and two end bars 64, (see especially Fig. 1,) and said frame is connected by means of a link with a lever 66,fulcrumed in the main frame 1 at 67. One end of this lever is provided with a treadle 68, connected to it by a link 69. (See Figs. 1 and 3.) The shaft 67 is provided on its extreme end with a lever 70on which is secured an adjustable weight 7l. This weight, acting through its lever and shaft 67, draws downward on the link 65 and through the frame 63 64 65 and the rods 62 draws downward on the frame 5, and thus transmits downward pressure on the tool-holder and its tool. The pressure can of course be increased or diminished by changing the position of the weight on the lever 70, as will be evident. The purpose of the treadle 68 is to enable the operator to reverse the action caused by the weight, so as to elevate the tool-holder after a blank has been cut and permit of the removal of the cut file andthe insertion of a new blank.

In some instances where a tapering file is being cut it is desirableY to decrease the pressure of the tool in proportion to its taper. To permit, or rather cause, this, I form an extension 72 on the arm 46, (see Fig. 1 and the perspective detail Fig. 6,) to which is connectcd a roller 73, which extends laterally IOO IIO

` `75, (see Figs; l and 5,) and to this bar is pivotally connecteda wedge 76, provided with a set-screw or wing-nut 77 forholding the wedge in position.` Whena flat tile is being out,

`this wedge is not used; but when a tapering file is cut the wedge is lowered until it is set relatively to the roller 73until it corresponds tio ` with the taper of the file.

` i Then as the arm 4:6 is reciprocated the roller `acting on the wedge causes the latter and the tool-holder through the bar 75 and the rods 62 to move upward to the extent oi" the depth of t-he wedge, thus releasing the pressure slightly.

It is believed the operation of my machine will be manifest to those skilled in the art, yet it might be said that the operation of cut- `tingis as follows: The operatorfirst depresses l `the treadle 68 with his foot, which raises the `tool-holder, and then inserts a blank-holder in the vise, securely fastening the same. The tool-holder is then moved to the beginning of its stroke with the tool in its proper position, the treadle released so as to permit the weight `to cause the tool todescend and bear with `considerable pressure on the blank, and

y power is then applied. belt-wheel being transmitted through the gearing, connecting-rod, and arm 46 to the' `reciprocating rod 4l this rod and its tool- The motion from the holder are caused to reciprocate until the tool has completed its stroke, when the file is cut.

`As before explained, the tool is held at an angle to the blank, and asits cutting lines oredges are in a diagonal orangular line the tool is drawn between its rollers as it moves over the blank, vand thus the latter is cut for its entire length. i A

` Iam of course aware that quite a number of the features shown in my machine are old, and I do not therefore claim certain features. For instance, it is old to reciprocate a tool across a file to cutthe same, as shown,` for example, in Patents Nos. 265,975 and 265,976

` my invention, 'and I therefore intend the following claims to cover all changes and modi- `iicationsto which I am naturally entitled.

It is alsomanifest that my machine may be used for other purposes than for tile-cutting.

What I claim as new`is 1. In a cutting-machine; a blank-holder; a tool having cutting edges and a holder provided with means for slidingly holding said y tool; and means for reciprocating one of said holders with respect to the other; the said cutting edges lying oblique to the path of movement of the holder; substantially as described.

2. In a cutting-machine; a blank-holder; a

tool; a tool-holder provided with means for slidingly holding said tool; said tool-holder being reciprocable across the blank; and

meanswhereby said tool is permitted a second movement transverse to the movement ofthe holder; substantially as described.

3. In a cutting-machine; a blank-holder; a tool having cutting edges and a vtool-holder provided with a recess or opening for receiving said tool; rollers permitting easy movement of the tool in the holder; and means for reciprocating one of said holders with respect to the other; the said cut-ting edges lying oblique to the path of movement of the holder and the said tool sliding through said `rollers as one of said holders is reciprocated; substantially as described.

4. In a cutting-machine; a blank-holder; a tool having cutting edges; a tool-holder having means for slidingly holding said tool and means for reciprocating said tool-holder over said blank-holder; said tool sliding in its holder as said holder is reciprocated and the cutting edges of said tool lying oblique to the pathof movement of the tool; substantially as described. i

5. In acutting-machine; a tool-holder hav` ing two frames projecting therefrom, each frame having an opening to receive a tool, a tool slidingly held within said opening and having cutting edges; and means for reciprocating said tool-holder over.. said blankholder; the said cutting edges lying oblique to the path of movement of .the holder; substantially as described.

6. In acutting-machine; a bed or table having means thereon for holding a blank, a frame supported above said bed or table and a tool-holder carried b v said frame, said frame having a slot therein permitting the movement of said tool-holder; substantially as described.

7. In a cutting-machine; a bed or table having means for holding a blank; uprights projecting from said bed or table; a frame carried on said uprights; a tool-holder suspended from said frame and having means for slidingly holding a tool; and means for reciprocating said tool-holder over said bed or table; said tool sliding in its holder as the latter is reciprocated; substantially as described.

8. In abutting-machine; abed or table having means for supporting a blank; a frame supported above said bed or table; and a toolholder carried by said frame and having longitudinal movement over said bed or table; said tool-holder also having a swiveled connection with said frame; substantially as described.

9. In a cutting-machine; a bed or table having means for holding a blank thereon; uprights projecting from said bed or table; a frame movable on said uprights a tool-holder suspended from said frame and having means for slidingly holding the tool; said tool-holder havin g a swiveled connection with said frame; and means for reciprocating the toed-holder IOO IIO

scribed.

10. In a cutting-machine; a bed or table having means for snpportingablanlz thereon uprights projecting from said bed or table; a frame movable on said uprights and having a slot or recess therein; a tool-holder having aswiveled connection with said frame, permitting the adjustment of said holder, means for adjusting said holder, said swiveled connection being movable in said slot or recess; and means for reciprocatingr said tool-holder; substantially as described.

11. In a cutting-machine; a bed or table having means for holding a blank; uprights projecting from said bed or` table; a frame carried by said uprights; a tool-holder suspended from said frame and having a swiveled connection` therewith; permitting the adjustment of said holder; means for. adjusting said holder; and means for reciprocating said tool-holder comprising a head and a connecting-rod pivotally connecting said head and said tool-holder; substantially as described.

12. In a cutting-machine; a bed or table having a blank-holder; a frame carried over said bed or table and having a slot or recess therein; a tool-holder carried by said frame and having a part movable in said slot or recess; a tool slidingly held in said tool-holder and having cutting edges; and means for reciprocating said toolholder; said cutting edges of said tool lying oblique to the path of movement of the holder; substantially as described.

13. In a cutting-machine, thecombination of a bed or table having means thereon for holding a blank, a tool-holder and means for reciprocating the same, a connection with said holder passing beneath the bed or table, means for creating pressure on said holder; a pivoted wedge and means for adjusting the same; and an element coacting with said connection under the bed or table and said wedge for relieving the pressure on said holder, substantially as described.

14. In a cutting-machine, the combination lof a holder,means for reciprocating the holder,

rods connected therewith and passing beneath the bed of the machine, a cross-frame connecting said rods, a weight for causing down- Ward pressure on said parts, and a treadle for releasing said parts from pressure, a pivoted wedge for gradually relieving the pressure, and means for holding said wedge in position, substantially as described.

15. In a cutting-machine, the combination of a holder, means for reci procating'the holder, rods connected thereto, means for connecting said rods, a pivoted wedge and an adjusting device therefor, and an element movable with the holder and having a roller coacting with said pivoted wedge to relieve the pressure of the holder, substantially as described.

16. In a cutting-machine, the combination ofa holder,means for reciprocating theholder, rods connected therewith and passing beneath the bed of the machine, a cross-frame connecting said rods, a weight for causing downward pressure on said parts, a treadle for releasing the parts from the pressure of the weight, an element as the arm 46 movable with the holder, a pivoted wedge coacting with said element to gradually relieve the pressure of the weight as the holder is reciprocated, and a device for holding said Wedge in position, substantially as described.

Signed by me at Brooklyn this 3d day of September, 1902.

MARTIN MERK.

Witnesses:

WM. F. HEYNER, L. SCHREIER. 

